is defined as an action by any
person interested in a deed, will, contract or other written instrument,
executive order or resolution, to determine any question of construction or
validity arising from the instrument, executive order or regulation, or
statute, and for a declaration of his rights and duties thereunder. The only
issue that may be raised in such a petition is the question of construction or
validity of provisions in an instrument or statute. Corollary is the general
rule that such an action must be justified, as no other adequate relief or
remedy is available under the circumstances.
Decisional law enumerates the requisites of an action for
declaratory relief, as follows: 1) the subject matter of the controversy must
be a deed, will, contract or other written instrument, statute, executive order
or regulation, or ordinance; 2) the terms of said documents and the validity
thereof are doubtful and require judicial construction; 3) there must have been
no breach of the documents in question; 4) there must be an actual justiciable
controversy or the "ripening seeds" of one between persons whose
interests are adverse; 5) the issue must be ripe for judicial determination;
and 6) adequate relief is not available through other means or other forms of
action or proceeding.
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